3D-modeling can be classified as the hottest computer arts. Many experts consider it along with the programming of extremely complex and laborious task. However, painstaking attention will be over soon, because today’s market has a range of available devices, spatial scanning of objects.

3D-scan is a systematic process of determining the coordinates of points belonging to the surfaces of geometrically-complex physical objects (including components) with a view to obtain their spatial mathematical models that can be modified using the CAD-systems. Devices, which are used to scan objects called 3D-scanners. These devices not only simplify the process of creating 3D-models, but also allow solving this problem with the maximum degree of certainty in relation to the original source.

In spite of the fact that today the major consumers of 3D-scanners are designers and film-studio, the first customers of these devices have become automotive and engineering design bureau, whose need for equipment of this class led to the technology, used works.

As known, design cars and aircraft are still being improved with water tunnel, where the level of streamlining forms is determined by the positive impact of air flow. Mathematical algorithms that simulate the work of such systems are being improved, but in terms of their effectiveness, they are far from the present hydrodynamic blow and is unlikely ever to replace them completely. Therefore, the ideology of modern design bureau for many years almost unchanged and currently consists of three main stages.

On the first stage a drawing of the model is created, which is made of plastic material then. Next, form the model hydrodynamically rationalized in a tube blowing, and only then, with the help of scanning devices is transferred and processed by computer. Based on the volume of virtual models made new more accurate drawings, and from them already and are production models of cars, airplanes and other structures, for which important streamlined forms. As you can guess, the stage of sampling models is the most important in the process of creating products, since the accuracy of the process and determines the hydrodynamic characteristics of the final product. “Manual” mode digitizing is not very pleasant because, firstly, a very time-consuming, and secondly, inaccuracies associated with it, negate all the engineers’ efforts. Therefore the problem of accurate automated system for creating three-dimensional skeletons of volumetric bodies was faced by developers of computer equipment for a long time.

A good deal of success has been reached in this area since the market are some quite dissimilar systems capture three-dimensional surfaces and in the near future, many of them may become popular desktop solutions with massive proliferation. Actually about technology, allows you to scan 3D-model, as well as products produced on their base, and will be discussed in this article.
Currently there are a number of technologies that create three-dimensional images of the hardware means, ie without the usual 3D-modeling of specialized software packages. Divided the three-dimensional scanning technology into two types: contact and contactless.

Former imply the existence of a mechanical device such as “probe”, by which a computer transmits the coordinates of points selected by the operator. Positioning system of such devices is based on the work of mechanical sensors, similar to that used in the opto-mechanical manipulators “mouse”. Last enshrined in each attachment hinge “probe” and that the accuracy of these sensors and determines the accuracy of the device spatial scanning in general. Today such systems are becoming increasingly rare, and, according to experts, their fate in the future – scanning a relatively simple small-scale objects.

Contactless 3D-scanners are much more complex devices, which provide very sophisticated algorithms to create spatial frameworks. Thus, many of them used a double (additional to the main) Input the coordinates of the body. Many devices combine laser sensors (replacing mechanical “feeler” contact 3D-scanners) and digital camera, which is used for more accurate scanning, which allows to obtain models of objects with texture.

However instead of laser sensors, space can be used and more complex systems. For example, recently began to emerge of 3D-scanning-based ultrasound systems, an advantage over competitors which is the scanning mode phone with internal structure or body immersed in a homogeneous environment.

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